Source of Funding and Results of Studies of Health Effects of Mobile Phone Use: Systematic Review of Experimental Studies
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVES There is concern regarding the possible health effects of cellular telephone use. We examined whether the source of funding of studies of the effects of low-level radiofrequency radiation is associated with the results of studies. We conducted a systematic review of studies of controlled exposure to radiofrequency radiation with health-related outcomes (electroencephalogram, cognitive or cardiovascular function, hormone levels, symptoms, and subjective well-being). DATA SOURCES We searched EMBASE, Medline, and a specialist database in February 2005 and scrutinized reference lists from relevant publications. DATA EXTRACTION Data on the source of funding, study design, methodologic quality, and other study characteristics were extracted. The primary outcome was the reporting of at least one statistically significant association between the exposure and a health-related outcome. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models. DATA SYNTHESIS Of 59 studies, 12 (20%) were funded exclusively by the telecommunications industry, 11 (19%) were funded by public agencies or charities, 14 (24%) had mixed funding (including industry), and in 22 (37%) the source of funding was not reported. Studies funded exclusively by industry reported the largest number of outcomes, but were least likely to report a statistically significant result: The odds ratio was 0.11 (95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.78), compared with studies funded by public agencies or charities. This finding was not materially altered in analyses adjusted for the number of outcomes reported, study quality, and other factors. CONCLUSIONS The interpretation of results from studies of health effects of radiofrequency radiation should take sponsorship into account.
منابع مشابه
Impact of Mobile Phone-Based Interventions on Methamphetamine Use and High-risk Sexual Behaviors in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): A Systematic Review
متن کامل
The Effect of Maternal and children exposed to cell phone use on physical and behavioral problems in childhood: A systematic review
Introduction: In Modern technology, using mobile phones is the most exposed to waves in the world. As far, public concern has been rising regarding exposure to phone waves, especially in critical periods such as intrauterine life and early childhood. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of literature have investigated the relationship between exposure to radiofrequency waves during p...
متن کاملThe educational effects of mobile learning on medical sciences students: A systematic review in experimental studies
Introduction: The demand for mobile learning in the medicalsciences educational program is increasing. The present reviewstudy gathers evidence highlighted by the experimental studieson the educational effects of mobile learning for medical sciencesstudents.Methods: The study was carried out as a systematic literaturesearch published from 2007 to July 2017 in the databases PubMed/Medline, Cumul...
متن کاملA systematic review on reminder systems in physical therapy
Background: The main goal of physical therapy is to help the patient gain a better health status. Several studies have investigated the use of reminders to prevent such failures on the patients’ side. This article presents a systematic review of the literature concerning reminders in physical therapy. Methods: Databases were searched until May 2017 and literatures were found from April 1...
متن کاملP-33: Effect of Cell Phone Electromagnetic Fields on In vitro Maturation of Immature Mice Oocytes
Background: In recent years, the widespread use of microwave producing instruments specially mobile phones; result in growing concern regarding the possible effects associated with these waves on human health. Some studies highlight the possible health hazards of electromagnetic fields (EMF), while others contest the hypothesis of biological impact of EMF. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...
متن کامل